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同位语从句和定语从句的区别

定语从句和同位语从句的区别 同位语从句中连接词that在从句中不作句子成分,也没有词汇含义,只起连接作用,其作用大致相当于一个冒号;而引导定语从句的that是关系代词,且在句中充当句子的成

定语从句和同位语从句的区别

同位语从句中连接词that在从句中不作句子成分,也没有词汇含义,只起连接作用,其作用大致相当于一个冒号;而引导定语从句的that是关系代词,且在句中充当句子的成分。具体区别如下:1、 被修饰的词不同:同位语从句的前面一般是数量有限的、表示抽象意义的名词;而定语从句的先行词是无数的指人或物名词。例子:Word came that he had been abroad.(同位语从句)这个消息传来,他在国外。Our team has won the game, which made us very happy.(定语从句)队伍的取得胜利使我们高兴。2. 从句的作用不同:同位语从句表示同位名词的具体内容,而定语从句是对先行词的限制、描绘或说明。例子:The news that our team has won the game was true. (同位语从句)我们队赢了那场比赛的消息是真的。The news that he told me yesterday was true.(定语从句)昨天他告诉我的那个消息是真的。3. 引导词不同:what, how, whether等不能用引导定语从句,但可用于引导同位从句。例子:That question whether we need it has not been considered.(同位语从句)我们是否需要它这个问题还没有考虑。The order hat we received yesterday was that we hould send a few people to help the other groups.(定语从句)我们应派几个人去帮别的几个小组的命令昨天收到了。4. 引导词的作用不同:引导同位语从句的that是连词,在从句中不充当任何成分;而引导定语从句的that为关系代词,在从句中充当一定的句子成分。例子:The news that got around the town made people happy.(定语从句)我们的队赢了,这让我们很高兴The news that he came back made people happy.(同位语从句)他回来的消息让人们感到很高兴。5. 判定定语从句和同位语从句的方法:由于同位语从句是用以说明被修饰名词的具体内容的,所它可以转换同位名词的表语;而定语从句则不能作这种转换。例子:At the first day, I booked a kind of magazine that Tom had recommended to me.(定语从句)在第一天,我在读汤姆推荐我的杂志。he fact can`t be accepted by the fans that we lost the swimming game .(同位语从句)因为他放不下架子,所以我们输了游泳比赛。

同位语从句和定语从句的区别是什么?

有以下区别:同位语从句与定语从句的区别(一)同位语从句与定语从句形相似而实质不同,具体表现在以下几个方面:1)被修饰的词不同:同位语从句的前面一般是数量有限的、表示抽象意义的名词;而定语从句的先行词是数量无数的指人或物的普通意义名词。2)先行词(同位语词)在从句的作用不同:同位语从句表示同位名词的具体内容,从句具有解释和说明先行词的作用,并且先行词在从句中不做任何成分;而定语从句是对先行词的限制、描绘或说明,先行词在从句中做一定的成分。3)引导词不同:what, how, whether等不能用于引导定语从句,但可用于引导同位语从句。4)引导词的作用不同:引导同位语从句的that是连词,在从句中不充当任何成分;而引导定语从句的that为关系代词,在从句中充当一定的句子成分。5)判定定语从句和同位语从句的基本方法(或称土办法):由于同位语从句是用以说明和解释被修饰名词的具体内容的,所以它可以转换成同位名词的表语,构成我们所讲过的五种简单句中的 ”主系表结构”: 主语(先行词或称同位语词)+表语(同位语从句);而定语从句则不能做这种转换。如:I hold the belief that where there is a will, there is a way. (that引导的是同位语从句,它在从句中不充当句子成分)相当于:The belief is that where there is a will, there is a way.(批注:读者们,这点明白了,就迎刃而解了,不是吗?一定意义上讲:没有抽象名词,也就不会有同位语从句了,明白了吗?)同位语从句与定语从句的区别(二)1)从句法功能上来看同位语从句中连接词that在从句中不作句子成分,也没有词汇含义,只起连接作用,其作用大致相当于一个冒号;而引导定语从句的that是关系代词,且在句中充当句子的成分(主语或宾语)。如:I hold the belief that where there is a will, there is a way. (that引导的是同位语从句,它在从句中不充当句子成分)The letter that I received yesterday was from my sister. (that引导的是定语从句,它在从句中充当宾语)2)从意义上来看同位语从句所表达的内容与作为中心词的名词所表达的内容是一样的,两者之间可以划等号;而定语从句则是限制或修饰中心词的,中心词所表达的内容不等于定语从句所表达的内容。如:He told me the news that his uncle would come home from abroad on National Day. (that引导的是同位语从句,其中the news = his uncle would come home from abroad on National Day)This is the factory that we visited last month. (that引导的是定语从句,其中 the factory≠ we visited last month.)3)从中心名词上来看同位语从句中的中心名词常是一些表示概括意义的抽象名词,这类名词有fact, idea, view, thought, order, suggestion, news, truth, hope, promise, answer, belief, condition, doubt, fear, problem, proof, question 等。而定语从句中的中心名词是没有限定的。4)从that是否可以省略来看引导同位语从句的连词that一般不能省略,而在定语从句中,that作宾语时,可以省略。另外,引导定语从句的that若指事物,它可以用which来代替,而在同位语从句中,that 永远不能用which替代。如:We know the fact that money talks. 我们知道有钱能使鬼推磨这个事实。(同位语)I want to study Chinese that (which) is getting more and more popular around the world.

定语从句和同位语

  定语从句和同位语    1. 从词类上区别   同位语从句前面的名词只能是idea, fact, news, hope, belief, suggestion, proposal, word, thought, doubt, truth, possibility, promise, order等有一定内涵的名词,而定语从句的先行词可以是名词、代词,主句的一部分或是整个主句,如:   The possibility that the majority of the labor force will work at home is often discussed.人们经常讨论大多数劳动力将会在家里工作的可能性,考研英语语法:定语从句与同位语从句的区别。(同位语从句)   Our team has won the game, which made us very happy. 我们的队赢了,这让我们很高兴。(定语从句)    2. 从性质上区别   定语从句是从句对其先行词的修饰或限制,属于形容词性从句的范畴;而同位语从句是从句对前面抽象名词的进一步的说明和解释,属于名词性从句的`范畴,如:   The news that our team has won the game was true. 我们队赢了那场比赛的消息是真的。(同位语从句,补充说明news到底是一个什么消息。)   The news that he told me yesterday was true. 昨天他告诉我的那个消息是真的。(定语从句,news在从句中作told的宾语。)    3. 从引导词及其在句子中的成分上区别   有些引导词如how, whether, what可以引导同位语从句,但不能引导定语从句,如:   That question whether we need it has not been considered. 我们是否需要它这个问题还没有考虑。(同位语从句)   引导词that引导定语从句时,在从句中一般做主语或宾语(指物时还可以用which代替),并且作宾语时常常省略,that在同位语从句中仅起连接作用,不充当任何成分,并且不能省略,也不能用which来代替,如:   The order that we should send a few people to help the other groups was received yesterday. 我们应派几个人去帮别的几个小组的命令昨天收到了,考研英语《考研英语语法:定语从句与同位语从句的区别》。(同位语从句,是对order的具体解释,that虽不作成分,但不能省略。)   The order that we received yesterday was that we should send a few people to help the other groups. 我们昨天收到的命令是我们应该派几个人去帮助别的几个小组。(定语从句,是名词order的修饰语,that在从句中作received的宾语,可以省略。)   【真题例句】   The issue of whether life ever existed on the planet, and whether it persists to this day, has been highlighted by mounting evidence that the Red Planet once had abundant stable, liquid water and by the continuing controversy over suggestions that bacterial fossils rode to Earth on a meteorite from Mars.   【解析】   句子可拆分为:The issue of //whether life ever existed on the planet, and whether it persists to this day, //has been highlighted //by mounting evidence //that the Red Planet once had abundant stable, liquid water and //by the continuing controversy over suggestions //that bacterial fossils rode to Earth on a meteorite from Mars.   主句为:The issue of whether life ever existed on the planet, and whether it persists to this day, has been highlighted by… and by…。主句主语的结构为: The issue of whether…and whether…。of 短语修饰the issue, of 短语较长一般译在后面;that the Red Planet…是evidence的同位语从句,(即是evidence的具体内容)。that bacterial fossils…是suggestions的同位语从句,说明suggestions的具体内容。)第一个同位语从句可以直接翻译在所修饰词后面。第二个同位语可以放在所修饰的名词前面,充当定语。

同位语从句与定语从句有什么区别

同位语从句和定语从句很相似,很容易弄混,它们之间具体有哪些区别呢,我们一起来看看吧。 同位语从句 在复合句中用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句,常常跟在fact,idea,opinion,news,hope,belief等名词后面,用以说明该名词表示的具体内容,可以由名词、代词、短语及句子来充当同位语从句。 同位语从句是名词从句,其作用相当于一个名词,对前面抽象名词的进一步的说明和解释。 定语从句 定语从句是由关系代词和关系副词引导的从句,用来修饰名词或代词,起到定语的作用,所以叫做定语从句。定语从句的作用是作定语修饰主句的某个成分,通常分为限定性和非限定性从句两种。 定语从句不同于单词作定语的情况,它需要放在被修饰的词(即先行词)之后,一般由关系代词来引导,关系代词必须放在定语从句之首。被修饰的词叫先行词,由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出。 同位语从句与定语从句的区别 1、引导同位语从句的that是连词,在从句中不充当任何成份,而引导定语从句的that是关系代词,除起连接作用外,还在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语等,如: The idea that computers can recognize human voices surprises many people. 计算机能够识别人的声音的想法使许多人感到惊奇。(同位语从句,that在从句中不充当任何成份) The idea that he gave surprises many people.他提出的观点令许多人感到吃惊。 (定语从句,that在从句中作gave的宾语) 2、引导词的不同 what,how,if,whatever等可引导名词性从句,但不引导定语从句。 3、同位语从句与前面的名词是同位关系,即说明它前面名词的内容;而定语从句与前面的名词是修饰与被修饰关系,即限定它前面的名词范围,或补充一些情况。如: The news that l have passed the math exam is true.我通过了数学考试这一消息是真的。 (同位语从句,即从句所表达的意思就是前面名词的内容) The news that he told me just now is true.他刚才告诉我的消息是真的。 (定语从句,从句对前面名词起修饰限制作用,即“他告诉我的”那个消息,而不是别的消息) 4、定语从句的先行词是名词或代词;而同位语从句的先行词只能是名词,而且仅限于idea,fact,hope,news,doubt,truth,information,suggestion,question,belief,conclusion等少数名词。而且when,where,why引导的定语从句的先行词一定分别是表示时间、地点和原因的名词,而三者引导的同位语从句的先行词则肯定不是表示时间、地点和原因的名词。I have no idea when they will come.我不知道他们什么时候来。(同位语从句) I’ll never forget the days when I lived there.我永远不会忘记我住在那儿的日子。(定语从句)

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