什么是演讲?也许大家的第一反应就是用嘴说话。 但是只要仔细想想，就会发现演讲和讲话有很大的区别。抗日战争时期，经常有些爱国人士、学生会在人潮汹涌的地方，面向听众，凭借自己的口才，运用有声语言和态势语言的艺术手段阐明道理、抒发感情、发表个人见解，感召听众，这是我们所熟悉的演讲。其实早在古希腊时期游吟诗人荷马，游走于希脂各地传唱特洛伊战争中英雄们的事迹;我国的大思想家孔子也是周游列国，推广他的学说，劝告各国诸侯---它们在形式上都是所谓的演讲。所以演讲和说话的区别应该在于， 演讲般是因疑作答、 寻根问底、明辨是非、释疑解惑、阐明观点。而说话，是人们的自言自语，日常的寒暄聊天，或者一般性的个别交谈。首先，演讲是一种语言， 这种语言不单纯地等同于书面用语也不单纯等同于口语，它既兼有书面用语的正式，又具有口语的特点和感染力。其次，演讲的目的往往是发表见解，阐明道理。再次，演讲是一个互动的过程，演讲是面对听众的讲话，在演讲现场演讲者与听众进行着信息交流和感情互动，这样就形成了一个特定的时空情境。最后，为了打动人心，演讲具有一定的表演成分，演讲者在演讲过程中，要借助相应的艺术手段增强演讲感染力。但要注意的是，演讲不能单纯地表演，在传递信息的时候，要用表演来演绎和阐释演讲的日的。不能单纯朗读，“演”与“讲”在演讲实践活动中， 是以“讲”为主，以“演”为辅，互相交织、互相渗透、互相促进的统一。在这里“讲”是起主导作用，起决定因素的，而“演”则必须建立在“讲”的基础上，否则它就失去了存在的意义。所以我们可以给演讲下这样一个定义:演讲是一种对众人有计划、 有目的、有主题，系统的、直接的、带有艺术性的社会实践活动。亦可被视为“扩 大的”沟通。
1、适用范围不同演说与演讲意思相同，但演讲适用的范围更广，适用于所有场合；对一个问题研究性结论进行解释说明的演讲，一般用演说，适用范围较小2、正式程度不同演讲更适用于稍微正式一点的场合3、适用人群不同演讲的对象适用于所有人，而演说一般用于该行业或该领域比较有地位的人身上扩展资料：演讲是一门语言的艺术，它指在调动起听众情绪，并引起听众的共鸣，从而传达出你所要传达的思想、观点、感悟。标准的普通话是必须的条件，当然一些大的演讲家不一定都有标准的普通话，但与人沟通中让人听懂是一个十分重要的内容。注意语句的顿挫，演讲开始如一首昂扬的乐曲时，不想成功都难。互动、反问、诘问都是演讲中引起观众思考，提高演讲质量的方法。忘稿时，尽量以圆滑的语言顺随过去，向下接稿，不要想不起下句而卡在那里。演说是在听众面前，就某一问题表达自己的意见或阐明某一事理，观点鲜明，内容具有鼓动性。演讲稿观点鲜明，显示着演讲者对一种理性认识的肯定，显示着演讲者对客观事物见解的透辟程度，能给人以可信性和可靠感。演讲稿观点不鲜明，就缺乏说服力，就失去了演讲的作用。而且，演讲之所以最容易激发听众的情感，使听众的思想为之震动，精神为之感奋，情绪为之激昂，热血为之沸腾，就在于演讲内容的鼓动性。因此，同学们写作时要在表达上注意感情色彩，把说理和抒情结合起来。既有冷静的分析，又有热情的鼓动；既有所怒，又有所喜;既有所憎，又有所爱。当然这种深厚动人的感情不应是挤出来的，而要发自肺腑，就像泉水喷涌而出。
Importance of Communication
Communication is an integral instinct of all living things. The most important bearings of communication are best understood when there is a lack of it. The following article discusses how important communication is and why it plays such a vital role in our daily lives.
There is more to communication than just talk and gesture. Listening, understanding and interpreting are as much integral to communication as words - verbal, written or gestured. Yes, even gestures in communication play a crucial role in conveying and interpreting the message! Similarly, how we communicate or express ourselves goes a great way towards determining how our expressions are interpreted. To quote Karl Popper, "It is impossible to speak in such a way that you cannot be misunderstood". Faulty or incomplete communication can completely mar the purpose of communicating and may result in damaging consequences. This is where understanding how important communication is and communicating the right way comes into picture. Not everyone is equally endowed with the ability to effectively express himself and this is where the significance of communication skills can be truly fathomed. Communicating the right way is equally important in every walk of like, be it in personal, professional or social life. Come, let's take a look at some major areas where right communication or a lack of it can have serious implications.
The Communication Process
The communication process involves a sender or communication source, the subject matter of communication, expressions used for communicating (encoding), the medium of communication, receiver(s) of the communication and the interpretation thereof (decoding) and feedback. This can be diagrammatically represented as follows:-
The last part, i.e. FEEDBACK is crucial in determining whether the communication has been understood by the receiver in the same light as intended by the sender. Let us try and understand the importance of communication in different walks of our daily lives.
Gravity of Communication in Business
The success of any business lies as much in networking and building sound professional relationships as it does in individual tact and business acumen. Communication is a crucial decisive factor in business relations. It is very important to say the right things at the right time and at the right place when dealing with partners, customers, stakeholders, media and, sometimes, even competitors. Any miscommunication or ambiguity can pour pails of cold water on your hard work and ruin your chances of survival in today's competitive business environment. Maintaining professional etiquette in oral and written business communication is of utmost importance and must not be taken lightly. We should be grateful that we are living in an era of enlightenment where we have access to training on just about anything under the sun! Nowadays, many courses are available that provide training on developing business communication skills and correspondence and a lot of educational institutes conduct classes on ways to improve communication skills. Effective communication skills in business go a long way in sealing your financial success.
Importance of Communication in the Workplace
The most difficult part of running an organization is managing the human resources. This is one resource which doesn't work on any principle of management, economics, psychology or any other social science! This is the most random and volatile resource which must be managed with great dexterity to reach desired organizational goals. Communication is that lubricant which keeps this resource moving throughout the organizational machinery. The salience of communication in the workplace is manifold, as it involves communication along vertical, horizontal and parallel organizational levels and such communication should always follow the hierarchy prescribed by the organization. A breach of the hierarchical channel of communication is known as a Gang Plank and should be avoided as much as possible. Communication in the workplace involves interpersonal communication between colleagues, superior and subordinate and vice versa and workplace communication skills come handy in such situations. A clear understanding of the purpose of such communication, especially if it is of a vertical nature, along with the expectations of the sender and receiver are extremely important for the smooth running of an organization.
Importance of Communication in Leadership
What is the role of a leader? A leader is expected to represent his/her followers and motivate them to reach heights of success through individual and collective effort. Communication is the best equipment a leader can employ to achieve this goal. Even ideals resting upon strong principles can fall flat and fail to motivate due to lack of effective communication skills. History is galore with examples of many national leaders who have moved the masses by their life-changing speeches and powerful writings! Abraham Lincoln and Martin Luther King Jr. are prominent examples of outstanding leadership through effective communication.
Significance of Communication in Relationships
I don't think I need to elaborate much on this, as we all have, some time or the other, experienced certain roadblocks and voids in our relationships owing to a lack of communication. Lack of communication in relationships result in frustrations, misunderstandings, unrealistic expectations, guilt and can create personal differences. It is difficult for people who share their lives with each other to coexist for long without having regular and smooth communication for oiling the machinery of the relationship. Relationship communication problems can only be solved through active and effective communication.
As living beings, we need to express and understand the expressions of others. Like it or not, the human society thrives on communication. Civilizations have risen and fallen based upon how good they were at maintaining sound relations with the rest of the world. Communication is, indeed, the very lubricant that makes the machinery of human relations function smoothly. Therefore, the significance of communication cannot and should not be underestimated. Sometimes, difficult situations in life can be resolved by just sitting down and talking it out! Similarly, most personal, professional and social disasters can be averted by maintaining clear, appropriate and unambiguous communication. All we need is some effort on our part to identify and avoid barriers to effective communication to make our lives and the lives of those around us better.
Read more at Buzzle: http://www.buzzle.com/articles/importance-of-communication.html
